Course Description: This course focuses on the control and management of reproduction in livestock, particularly cattle, sheep, and goats. It covers the biological characteristics of reproduction, including the sexual cycle, fertilization, gestation, parturition, and lactation in different species. The course also explains techniques used to optimize reproduction such as heat induction and synchronization, natural mating, and artificial insemination. In addition, it introduces advanced reproductive technologies including semen collection and preparation, embryo transfer, and pregnancy diagnosis. Finally, the course highlights practical strategies for reproductive management on farms, emphasizing genetic improvement, herd productivity, animal health, and efficient breeding planning.